Which term describes a figure of speech in which the literal meaning differs from the intended meaning?

The term that describes a figure of speech where the literal meaning differs from the intended meaning is verbal irony. This literary device relies on the contrast between what is said and what is actually meant, often conveying a meaning that is the opposite of the literal interpretation. For instance, if someone looks out at a stormy day and says, "What wonderful weather we're having," they are using verbal irony to imply the opposite of their literal statement. This kind of irony often adds humor, sarcasm, or emphasis in communication.

Understanding verbal irony is essential as it enhances comprehension of texts where the speaker’s intended meaning is not immediately obvious. It requires readers to infer context or emotions that shape the true meaning behind the words being used.