What is the primary function of morphemes in language?

The primary function of morphemes in language is to convey meaning or to form new words. Morphemes are the smallest units of meaning in a language and can be as small as single letters or syllables. They include roots, prefixes, and suffixes, which can alter or refine the meaning of base words. For example, the root "act" can combine with the prefix "re-" to form "react," thereby creating a new word with a distinct meaning. This ability to modify and create new meanings through the combination of morphemes is foundational to vocabulary development and understanding language structure.

While representing a complete idea, enhancing sound quality, or providing historical context are valuable aspects of language, they do not capture the essential role that morphemes play in creating and conveying meaning, which is at the heart of language structure.