What is a paradox?

A paradox is defined as a proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but may actually express a truth when examined more closely. This characteristic of paradoxes lies in their ability to challenge conventional wisdom and provoke deeper thought. For instance, statements like "less is more" or "this statement is false" invoke initial confusion yet point to insights about the complexities of meaning and perspective.

The other choices reflect misunderstandings about what a paradox represents. A universally accepted statement does not embody the complexity and contradiction found in paradoxes. An established fact cannot be both true and false, thus lacking the inherent tension of a paradox. An illogical argument does not capture the nuanced and often insightful nature of a paradox; rather, it suggests a failure in reasoning rather than a profound statement that prompts critical thinking.