What does the term 'theme' refer to in literature?

The term 'theme' in literature refers to the central idea or unifying concept that permeates a work. It encapsulates the underlying message or insight about life, society, or human nature that the author wishes to convey to the reader. Themes can be explicit or implicit and often reflect universal experiences that resonate with readers, prompting them to think deeply about the content.

For instance, a novel might explore themes related to love, betrayal, identity, or resilience. The theme serves as a foundation for the narrative, guiding the development of characters, conflicts, and plot progression. Authors often weave themes throughout their work, creating a richer reading experience where readers can extract meaning and relate it to their own lives. This understanding of theme underscores the significance of the author's intent and the overall impact of the literary piece.